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- Czech womens participation in Resistance
- against the Nazi occupation.
- Written by Dalibor Svoboda
- Version 1
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- In September of 1941 Reinhard
Heydrich was appointed Deputy Reich Protector of Bohemia and Moravia in
former Czechoslovakia and set up headquarters in Prague.
- Soon he established a policy
of rewarding Czech workers if they contributed to the Nazi war effort
and displayed loyalty to the Reich. At the same time, Heydrich conducted
a brutal crackdown on the Czech resistance movement.
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- Three separate groups
containing seven soldiers from the Czechoslovakia´s army-in-exile in
Great Britain parachuted into Böhmen in December 1941.
- Silver A group tried twice in
wain to navigate brittish bombsquads to bomb Skoda weapon factory in
Plzen.
- Antrophoid group consisting
of Jozef Gabčík and Jan Kubiš did have another assignment. They
contacted the Resistence, moved to Prague and started to plan the
assassionation of Heydrich.
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- The martial law was proclaimed
immediately on 27th of May.
- Shortly after the death of
Reinhard Heydrich one of the trustees of the Saint Cyril and Saint Metoděj
church offered the crypt of the church as the hiding place for
Gabčík and Kubiš. Paratroopers
from other teams; Adolf Opálka
from Out Distance, Josef Valčík from Silver A, Jaroslav Švarc from Tin
and Josef Bublík together with Jan Hrubý from Bioscope, unable to escape
from besieged Prague searched safety in the crypt too.
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- In the hunt for conspirators
a full scale round up and investigation was conducted.
- To further scare ordinary
citizens to cooperate entire village of Lidice was on 10th of June
destroyed and then completely levelled until not a trace remained.
- All 172 men and boys over
age 16 were shot while the women were deported to Ravensbrück
concentration camp where many of them died. 90 young children were sent
to the concentration camp at Chelmno where 81 were gassed to death.
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- Karel Čurda was a
member of Out Distance group sent to Böhmen in March 28. The task of the
group was to cooperate with Silver A team when navigating British
bombers to bomb strategic targets inside former republic. But their
landing was observed. Gestapo not only discovered the hidden military
equipment but also fast hunted down a member of the team, Ivan
Kolařík who prefered suicide instead of being caught.
- The disconnected Čurda
hiding at his mother home panicked when reading about likvidation of
Lidice and executions of the whole Kolařík’s family.
- On June 16, Čurda
entered the headquarter of Gestapo in Prague. Although he didn’t know
where his former friends were hiding he knew a quite a few names of
Czech helpers and Resistance members.
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- On the night between 16th and
17th of June the Gestapo group rushed to Biskupcova street in Prague – Žižkov.
Their hope was to catch some of the paratroopers inside the flat of
Moravcová family. But the flat was empty with the exeption of Marie
Moravcová and her husbund Alois.
- Marie Moravcová was a main
helper of the Czech paratroopers hiding in the Saint Cyril and Saint Metoděj
church. In the turmoil caused by arest she succeeded to swallow
cyanid and die.
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- “Ata” Moravec a twenty one year old son of Marie Moravcova was one of the Czech patriots deeply
involved in providing the logistics for the hiding paratroopers.
- “Ata” was arrested
immediately after the crack down on his family. Though he initially
tried to deny everything he broke down during the harsh interrogations
after being confronted with the cut off head of his mother kept by
Gestapo in a jar filed with
alcohol. He unveils the hide out of paratroopers.
- Vlastimil “Ata” Moravec was
executed by Nazis in Mauthausen on 24.1. 1942. The same day as his father and his
fiancé with her mother and brother were executed.
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- Three weeks after the
assassination the church of St. Cyril and Saint Metoděj was
surrounded by over 700 Waffen SS troops together with Gestapo on 18th June 1942.
- The first three defendants
Kubis , Bublik and Opalka was killed or took their life after
lengthy fight. Then the hiding
of the four more paratroopers in the crypt is discovered.
- The Gestapo tries to drown
them by pumping water into the crypt. The paratroopers fight back.
- Then the ammunition is gone
and the last bullet is used to end the lives of Gabcik, Valcik, Svarc
and Hruby.
- The death bodies are taken
out of the church on carpets for identification.
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- 34 year old teacher Ludmila
Mala took a poison after being
arrested as a helper of Valcik.
- Tatana Hladenova was an
important helper and provider for the paratroopers together with her
husband. Frantisek, her husband killed himself by throwing himself from
the window in front of Gestapo’s eyes. Tatana was shot by firing squad
on 2.7.1942.
- Vera Junkova, a 25 years old
teacher, acted as a contact between hidden paratroopers. She was
inhumanly tortured during the interrogations. Vera was shot by firing
squad on 2.7.1942
- Dr. Milada Frantova, a
member of resistance, took care of Kubis when the bomb which
subsequently killed Heydrich tore his face near his eye. Executed in
Mauthausen 24.10.1942
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- The whole Fafkova family was
part of resistance movement. During
Gabcik refuge in the Fafkova family flat Liboslava engaged as the
courier inside resistance movement.
- Liboslava was executed at
10,40 on 24 of October 1942. Her mother at 10,50, Rela at 10,52 and the father at 16,02
at the execution place in Mauthausen concentration camp
- Though Ludmila was married she didn’t hesitate to
join resistance. Together with her sister she gathered and passed up to
date information about Reinhardt Heydrich. They were both forced to
identify killed paratroopers. During the interrogations they behaved
bravely giving away as little information as possible. Marie was
executed at 11,06, Ludmila at
11,48 on 24of october 1942 inside concentration camp of Mauthausen.
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